An artwork is a piece of visual art such as a painting, sculpture or print. Artworks may represent ideas or emotions, evoke memories or explore themes. They are often designed to be engaging, entertaining or informative and can be used as a source of inspiration for other artists.
Artworks have been created in response to a wide range of issues, experiences and events. Some artworks are based on historical or mythical figures, events or places; others are abstract concepts or explorations of natural or scientific processes. Themes such as love, beauty, war and religion are frequently explored through art. Artworks can be humorous, dramatic, satirical or propagandistic.
When analyzing an artwork, it is important to consider the intended purpose of the artist and the audience for whom the work was created. It is also useful to think about the subject matter of the artwork, including its themes and symbols. It is helpful to ask yourself what the artwork is about – what story does it tell, what message does it convey, or how does it make you feel?
How do the elements of this artwork relate to each other? Does it use formal devices of arrangement (i.e. symmetry, balance, dominance or asymmetry; grid format; simple or complex arrangement of items; overlapping or clustered objects; repetition of forms; frames within frames; patterned edging) to help communicate its theme? What effect do these visual devices have on the overall composition and on our reading of the artwork?
The artist’s choice of medium may influence the message, meaning and emotion that is conveyed through an artwork. For example, an artwork created using oil paint will have different properties to one made with watercolours. The use of colour can convey an atmosphere and create the illusion of depth, light or movement. The texture of the materials and how the light hits them can have a profound impact on the emotional resonance of an artwork.
It is also useful to consider how the form of an artwork contributes to its meaning. For example, does it employ any unusual shapes or sizes that have particular symbolic significance? How does the asymmetrical balance of an artwork affect its mood and tension? What is the effect of using a single dominant form in an otherwise asymmetrical composition?
An artwork’s context can help us understand the cultural, historical and social influences upon its creation. It is important to look at the time period in which the artwork was created and to investigate any cultural movements that could have influenced its theme, style and/or subject matter.
What are the relationships between the recognisable objects and scenes in this artwork? How are they presented – in an idealized manner; realistically; distorted; stylized; hidden; or, abstracted? How does the use of colour contribute to the overall effect and meaning of this artwork – is it used to create emphasis; to express symbolic or thematic ideas; to depict natural or man-made landscapes; or, to add emotional impact?